Write a 1000-1500 word APA paper addressing each of the following points. Be sure to completely answer all the questions for each bullet point. There should be two main sections, one for each bullet below. Separate each section in your paper with a clear heading that allows your professor to know which bullet you are addressing in that section of your paper. Support your ideas with at least three (3) sources using citations in your essay. Make sure to cite using the APA writing style for the essay. The cover page and reference page in correct APA do not count towards the minimum word amount. Review the rubric criteria for this assignment.

 

 

 

Explore the history of nursing and choose two events/topics from history related to nursing (ie education, practices, important people, etc.) and explain each one in detail and why they are important to the nursing profession.Research two professional nursing organizations and discuss the following for each organization chosen:The name of the organization and why this organization is important to nursingWhat resources they provide to membersCost of membership and how many members are part of the organizationCurrent issues the organization is working onFinally, after researching this question answer in detail: Why are Professional Organizations in general important to nursing as a profession?

 

Discussion post reply 1: 200 words:  How does the public view nursing? The answer to that question is a bit complexed. The image has been shaped in positive and negative ways over the years. Since the very beginning of nursing society has viewed a nurse to be female. Although there were male nurses in the early stages, they were outnumbered and looked over. Even to this day a male nurse is looked at with surprise. This perception of the nurse being feminine keeps men from wanting to become a nurse because of the stigma that male nurses are gay.  This stims from the idea that only women can be nurturing and caring and if a man possesses those characteristics, then he is questionable. Nurses are also viewed as inferior to doctors and that can possibly be credited to Florence Nightingale who depicted nurses as inferior to the physician. They view nurses as those who just assist the doctors in treating the ill and carrying out orders that the doctor has given. They also see nurses as someone who just bandages wounds, maintains patient hygiene and ensuring the welfare of the patient. There is so much more to nursing. To many people nursing is inferior to medicine due to it be closely related to tasks, when all the while, nursing works right alongside medicine.

 

There is also a misperception of nursing that comes from television series. They never show the true roles of nursing. Most show the physicians doing all the bedside care and the nurse doing very little if anything at all. One image that has been viewed negatively is the type of scrubs that nurses were. The printed scrubs with cartoon characters on them have made some of society take nurses less seriously. Sandy Dumont, who is an image consultant, made the comment “You are the only thing between the patient and death, and you’re covered in cartoons. No wonder you have no authority.” This made many organizations change dress codes for their nurses. This made it easier for patients to identify who the nurses are.

 

Nurses are now respected and appreciated more than ever due to the Covid-19 pandemic. They put their lives on the front lines to save the general populations. Lots of nurses lost their lives. Nurses have been acknowledged for being the heroes that they truly are for their role in fighting the virus. Lots of nurses have lost their lives due to being on the front lines. In my opinion the collective effort of the nation to give proper respects to nurses only come through times of desperation.

 

Discussion post 2: 200words:  Nursing , in general, has suffered from stereotyping for a long time. It has been viewed as a female profession. Within health care, nursing focus’ on the care of individuals, families, and communities to maintain optimal health and quality of life. There are several different specialties within nursing such as emergency medicine, surgery, obstetrics, and neonatology just to name a few. Nurses can obtain specialized training to further their knowledge in many fields. Nurses have taken responsibility for their own learning and opportunities. They may use social media as a platform to reach a certain group of people, to obtain their dream job, or to deliver information about nursing within a specialty. Nurses from prior years have helped set the standards for nursing today, however, nursing today is ever changing. Institutions have there own set of protocols and expectations. Some are very regimented, others are more focused on holistic nursing, allowing nurses to be more relaxed with dress codes and how nurses interact with patients and families. As more male nurses enter the nursing field, the stereotype tends to decrease; just as more female doctors enter the medical field, the less they face pressure from their colleagues that are male. Nursing is a wonderful profession to be in. It allows us to be with our patients, get to know them, and develop a care plan that fits the needs of the patient. Doctors may have a relationship with the patients, write the orders, however, we are the ones beside them as they go through everyday growth and setbacks. We carry out the orders, or question them if they don’t seem appropriate for a specific patient, we keep them safe. In nursing, you can take your skill set to never ending places. Advanced nurse practitioners may practice independently, allowing them to focus on the patient experience and outcomes. I take great pride in being a registered nurse in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). I not only specialize in NICU, I also specialize in neonatal transport. It is very rewarding and I am always learning new information to help me become a better version of myself. Nurses from early days didn’t have the same advantages as we do today. I appreciate what they did for us, and I also set standards for future nursing by training them and keeping them up to date on new research and education to make sure they set he bar high for the nurses they will one day train. I do not believe in the old saying, “eat your young.” That is not accepted in most institutions today. They want to set  nurse up for success, not failure.

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Patient’s Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis Case Study

Important Instruction about the Assignment 

· You will then formulate your differential diagnoses list, develop a plan of care, and submit a written clinic note documenting your care of this patient. Your differential diagnoses list should consist of 4 diagnoses, including 1 of which is your final diagnosis.

· Please briefly describe your rationale and reasoning for why you would include or rule out a diagnosis in your working diagnosis list. Provide 6 research nursing and medical references for your rationale.

· The paper should always have an introduction statement that explains what the paper will entails.

· Remember to include a cover page and use the most recent update APA formatting for references.

· Refer to the SOAP NOTE TEMPLATE for details on how this assignment will be graded.

· For this paper, you must provide 12-15 pages well written evidence-based research paper according to the rubric guidelines, follow the APA format formatting for references and support your paper with at least 5 to 7 nursing or medical evidence-based research articles not older than 7 yrs.

Please take time to read and review it, if the paper is not up a master’s degree level standard, I will not accept the work. I just want to be clear about that before I assigned it to anyone. This is an advanced degree work that requires a very strong writer with the background and experience in Nursing and Medical field and a very well-developed English and written expertise.

Patient’s Headache Case Study B

The patient is 42 years old female with complaint of urinary incontinence. She reports having two accidental urination within the last 24 hours. She also reported feeling extra tired and fatigue that started 6 months ago. she further explained that her lower extremities have been feeling week and tired which started 3 months ago without any acute cause. Patient has also be experiencing sporadic blurred vision that occurred 3 months ago. Patient denied any pain during urination, denies any burning sensation, or Vaginal odor during urination. Patient has history of car accident that occurred 10 years ago which left her with numbness and tingling sensation in her right leg however she stated she has not experienced any paresthesia in years. As stated above, she does experience unsteady gait and complete loss of control in her lower extremities that sometimes last for few seconds. She said sleeping at night does not eliminate the fatigue feeling. Clinical assessment and physical finding show bilateral lower extremities weakness correlated with neurological disorder or central nervous system problems

Chief Complaint:

Patient reports “I had two accidents yesterday. I accidentally peed on myself. I feel really embarrassed about it.” She describes feeling extra tired over the last few months (6 months to be exact) in addition to the patient Problem statement.

Reliability and Source of History: 

The patient is alert and oriented and able to answer most of the questions.

Subjective and Objective Data.

Hint 1 (Patient primary diagnoses is Multiple sclerosis) other potential diagnoses are:

· Urinary Tract Infection

· Anemia

· Vitamin B deficiency 

· ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis) 

Hint 2 (patient treatment plan which should include the up-to-date treatment for Multiple Sclerosis 

Hint 3 

Patient lab should include all below and please explain the rationale for these labs with references to support it. 

· Urinalysis

· MRI of the brain and spine

· CBC with BMP (Especially to test for vitamin B12 deficiency)

· EMG (electromyogram)

· Cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF)

· ANA (Antinuclear Antibody Test)

· CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid analysis)

Assessment

Typing Template for SOAP notes: 

Assessment

This is the differential diagnosis section. List FOUR differential / working diagnoses. One of this will be your final diagnosis. For EACH of your diagnoses list a brief rationale indicating why this diagnosis should be considered or not considered as the final diagnosis. Include references used to guide your thinking.

1. Multiple Sclerosis (Main Diagnosis)

2. Urinary Tract Infection

3. Anemia

4. Vitamin B deficiency 

5. ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis) 

Plan

All plans until you graduate contain the following elements. If an item does not apply to the particular situation, please indicate- not applicable or not needed at this time. If it’s not indicated it is assumed to not have been addressed.

Pharmacology Medications both prescription and OTC go here. Write out your prescription meds just like a prescription.

Non-Pharmacology What non-pharmacologic interventions do you recommend for your patient?

Diagnostics Are there any lab tests, radiology or other diagnostics you would like to order? Remember to think primary care. No troponins or bedside stat echos in the office.

Consults / Referrals Would you like to phone a friend? Should they follow up with a specialist for additional or further care?

Patient Education What important information do you need to make certain they know? Don’t forget about serious medication interactions or OCP.

Follow Up  Think about how much leeway you want to give this patient before someone lays eyes on them again? One week? Two? What should they do if they experience new or worsening symptoms?

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This assignment will be at least 1500 words or more. Reflect on the roles of nurses, and other healthcare professionals as the roles of physicians in the healthcare system moves from one of working in silos to a more progressive value-based system. Write a paper that discusses in detail why a value-based system may improve health care in the U. S. and address the following questions:

• How has current policy transformed the current practice of nurses, physicians, and other healthcare professionals?
• What distinction can you make between physicians/healthcare providers working in a fee-for-service system and a value-based care system?
• How do you view shared power between physicians and nurses in your healthcare system? How does it impact care?

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Running Head: SHORTENED VERSION OF TITLE 1

SHORTENED TITLE IN ALL CAPS 1

No. 1

 

When referring to Jean Watson’s theory of Human Caring, the first aspect that comes to my mind is to care for a patient as a whole by understanding the patient’s life challenges and the people that surround the patient. According to Gonzalo (2021), Watson’s model of nursing states that “nursing is concerned with promoting health, preventing illness, caring for the sick, and restoring health.”  Focusing the practice of care on health promotion, as well as the treatment of diseases. There are several concepts in this specific theory including Society, Human Being, Health, and Nursing, however, from my perspective, Health is an essential characteristic when trying to provide the best quality of care possible. “Health is the unity and harmony within the mind, body, and soul” it is directly associated with the degree of congruence between the self and the self as experienced (Gonzalo, 2021).

Another nursing theory that can be easily compared to the concept of Watson’s theory is the Theory of intrapersonal Relations from Hildegard Peplau. This theory consists of emphasizing the nurse-Patient relationship or bond as the foundation and primary characteristics of nursing practice (Wayne, 2021).  In other words, it is focusing our practice on meeting the needs of a sick individual without losing the humanistic aspect. This theory also considers Health as one of its major concepts; however, it is defined as “a word symbol that implies a forward movement of personality and other ongoing human processes in the direction of creative, constructive, productive, personal, and community living” (Gonzalo, 2021).

One of the main similarities of these two concepts is that both of them focused on the practice of extra efforts leading to the absence of illness or a better patient outcome. The outstanding difference when comparing these concepts is that one considers health as a high level of overall physical, mental, and social functioning” (Gonzalo, 2021); However, The Intrapersonal Relations Theory states defines health as human processes toward creative, constructive, productive, personal, and community living. In other words, Watson’s theory focuses on the patient as a whole, and Peplau’s theory focuses on the Nurse-Patient relationship. When reading different perspectives of concepts, the reader’s understanding might be interfered with reflecting on their decision-making when it comes to providing the best care possible.

 

Peer Post

· Length: A minimum of 150 words per post, not including references

· Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA per post from within the last 5 years

 

Number 2.

 

The concept of caring is prominently seen in both Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring and as well as Madeleine Leininger’s Transcultural Caring Theory. Definition of caring is displaying kindness and concern for others. In the nursing environment, caring plays an important role within our profession. Lenininger defined care as, “the essence and the central, unifying, and dominant domain to characterized nursing” (Alligood, 2014 p. 351). Watson defines caring as ‘the ethical and moral ideal of nursing with interpersonal and humanistic qualities’ (Alligood, 2014 p. 96). A common similarity between both theorists includes that caring is required in the world of nursing.

 

In contrast, there are differences between the theories by Watson and Lenininger. Also, unlike Watson’s theory, Leininger’s theory is not a grand theory. Watson’s theory emphasizing that caring is more spiritual, with the nurse and patient healing and influencing each other. “Caring-healing consciousness is an intentionally of love and wholeness that is a source and form of life energy, life spirit, and vital energy that can be communicated by the one-caring to the one-being-care-for, which potentiates healing” (Alligood, 2014 p. 105). However, Lenininger’ Transcultural Caring Theory more focuses on nurses being more culturally aware while providing care to not only patients but as well as their families. “For caring to be effective, nurses need to learn culturally specific behaviors and words that reflect human caring in different cultures to identify and meet the needs of all patients” (Blasdell, 2017 p. 3). Although both include a holistic approach in caring for patients, each theorist defines care differently and whom to provide care for.

 

Peer post

· Length: A minimum of 150 words per post, not including references

· Citations: At least one high-level scholarly reference in APA per post from within the last 5 years

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Qualitative research and quantitative research have both made vast contributions to the field of nursing. Although these two types of research are very different, they also hold some similarities as well. When conducting a quantitative research study, the researcher is trying to come to a conclusion that is not debatable. The outcome is a matter of fact and there is no questioning the truth of the outcome. For example, the researcher is conducting a study on the breakdown of the US population by age. There is a certain number of people per each age group and there is no opposition to the outcome. By definition, quantitative research, “involves the process of objectively collecting and analyzing numerical data to describe, predict, or control variables of interest. The goals of quantitative research are to test causal relationships between variables, make predictions, and generalize results to wider populations” (McLeod, 2019).
Qualitative research is “the process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting non-numerical data, such as language. Qualitative research can be used to understand how an individual subjectively perceives and gives meaning to their social reality.” (McLeod, 2019) Data for this method of research can be done, for example, through surveys. In that survey, let us ask the question of, “How do you like to celebrate your birthday?” There is no expected outcome and the researcher is not trying to prove anything correct or incorrect. It is more of an open-ended question. While researching these different methods of research, one source mentioned a strength of qualitative research that is powerful, that strength is, “Qualitative methods that allow researchers to explore the views of homogeneous as well as diverse groups of people help unpack these differing perspectives within a community” (Choy 2014) Regardless of which method is used, there are pros and cons to each depending on what the subject of the study really is and each method has contributed greatly to the field of medicine.

Choy, L.T. (2014) The Strengths and Weaknesses of Research Methodology: Comparison and Complimentary between Qualitative and Quantitative                Approaches. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social  Sciences.                                                                                                                               https://www.academia.edu/27908525/The_Strengths_and_Weaknesses_of_Research_Methodology_Comparison_and_Complimentary_between_Qualitative_and_Quantitative_Approaches?from=cover_page

McLeod, S. (2019). What is the Difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Research? Simply Psychology.                                                                       https://www.simplypsychology.org/qualitative-quantitative.html

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