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Running head: THESIS AND ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR GENE THERAPY 1

 

THESIS AND ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR GENE THERAPY 6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Thesis and Annotated Bibliography for Gene Therapy

Taylor Wester

Chamberlain University

PHIL 347N

July 8th , 2021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Annotation 1

10.1089/hum.2019.197

Concerning the issue of Human Gene Therapy on August 2014, the source offers information regarding how gene therapy is a fast developing field of science and medicine and as more discoveries are made concerning it, the more the general community accepts it, with remarkable dispensations. A study was conducted in United States and Canada involving 467 respondents and signified that above 90% think gene therapy is justifiable for acute illnesses like Alzheimer’s but as the acuteness of the illnesses declined so did respondents approval of gene therapy. Any non-illness affiliated use of gene therapy only got 47% approval from the respondents.

Source Evaluation 1

1a. Even though the sample size is only 467 respondents the percentages offered from the study indicates high approval than opposition and when likened to statistics in the 1990’s it reveals a rise in acceptability.

1b.This is a scholarly source that has been in a peer reviewed journal known as Human Gene Therapy.

1c.Whereas this source is somehow old fashioned examining the massive growth gene therapy has experienced in the last four years in exploration and discoveries, the ordinary misjudgments the made by the general public regarding gene therapy still exists.

Annotation 2

https://www.pnas.org/content/94/24/12744

This source was released in the National Academy of Science concerning the varied kinds of vectors that can be applied in gene therapy. Even though there have not been numerous favorable outcomes that have been testable, this paper outline what research has been capable to do. There are numerous varied viral vectors that can be applied in gene therapy. This source explains what each vector is apt for as well as any limitation that they may entail when likened to other vectors. Additionally, the article reviews some non-viral vectors as options to the viral vectors because they have less possibility of relocating to the wrong body parts and give rise to cancer.

Source Evaluation 2

2a.This source emphasizes on particular illnesses that are being aimed by gene therapy which provides us an insight in what direction the research is moving.

2b.Issued by the National Academy of Sciences in the United States, it is a highly recognized source that has been cited in other research papers.

2c.The source gives extensive scientific information concerning how each vector can and cannot work, providing details on comprehending how gene therapy functions.

Annotation 3

https://www.nature.com/articles/nm0101_33

This scholarly journal issued in nature medicine in 2001 and it describes the utilization of viruses and how they are transformed into harmless curative vectors for gene therapy. It also explains what scientists search for in viruses that make them suitable vectors for gene therapy. In addition, they identify issues that come with the utilization of foreign bodies in the human body and offer cases of cellular immune responses to the viral vectors which function against what gene therapy is attempting to achieve.

Source Evaluation 3

3a.Whereas numerous scholarly articles concerning intricate subjects like gene therapy are hard to read, their provision of images and description of certain terminologies makes it simpler to study.

3b.In the last section they provide a list what is, to them, an ideal accomplishment with regard to viral sector. This enables us to have an insight of what their final motive would look like.

Annotation 4

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/hum.2019.197

This source is a comprehensive analysis of more than fifteen thousand records concerning the views and stance towards gene therapy and gene editing completed on January 21, 2020. The source findings were categorized into common themes comprising of somatic vs. germline, medical vs. nonmedical reasons, knowledge/education, and many more. In addition, incorporated were proposition and imminent directions research on gene therapy could espouse to augment public support. This comprised ideas like better education on the subject, standards of approval, policy frameworks, and invasive procedures. After examining all the records, it is revealed that public view on gene therapy is constantly trending more positive.

Source Evaluation 4

4a.This article was released in Human Gene Therapy peer reviewed journal which promotes its reliable status and is authoritative and credible.

4b.In efforts to be clearer, they list the search process and selection method for the records they used for this study.

4b.Generally, it is a systematic review of views and perceptions towards gene therapy answers numerous questions regarding what sort of demographics oppose and support gene therapy.

Annotation 5

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9bc1/dec53860a2cc9a291f3fff7887151cbd77e0.pdf

This is a source on extensive debate on the ethics of gene editing and the varied ramifications it could entail on community as outline by professor Santas of the University of California. Considering the distinct utilization of each application of gene editing, he analyses how today’s community is reacting to each application. Moreover, he categorizes how we are to reason concerning gene editing, is it bad or good. Grouping into the ethics of human development is a discussion weighed down with risk as any error can subject you into precarious territory.

Source Evaluation 5

5a.This is among the limited sources I could get that offers such as comprehensive review into the thoughts of ethics of applying gene editing for the aims of human improvement.

5b.Though it was inscribed by a single author, it is released in a peer reviewed journal and should be marked as a scholarly source as well as credible.

 

 

 

References

Delhove, J., Osenk, I., Prichard, I., & Donnelley, M. (2020). Public Acceptability of Gene Therapy and Gene Editing for Human Use: A Systematic Review. Human Gene Therapy, 31(1-2), 20–46. doi: 10.1089/hum.2019.197

Kay, M. A., Liu, D., & Hoogerbrugge, P. M. (1997, November 25). Gene therapy. Retrieved February 9, 2020, from https://www.pnas.org/content/94/24/12744

Kay, M. A., Glorioso, J. C., & Naldini, L. (2001, January). Viral vectors for gene therapy: the art of turning infectious agents into vehicles of therapeutics. Retrieved February 9, 2020, from https://www.nature.com/articles/nm0101_33

Robillard, J. M., Roskams-Edris, D., Kuzeljevic, B., & Illes, J. (2014). Prevailing Public Perceptions of the Ethics of Gene Therapy. Human Gene Therapy, 25(8), 740–746. doi: 10.1089/hum.2014.030

Santas, G. (2019). CRISPR and The Ethics of Gene Editing: A Modest Framework for Discussion. International Journal of Clinical Research and Trials, 4(198), 1–7. doi: https://doi. org/10.15344/2456-8007/2019/138

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