PAPER REVISION

Abstract

Julius Caesar was argumentatively one of history’s greatest gifted politician and general. He conquered Gaul, allowing him to lay the foundations of Roman rule in Egypt. Caesar also had many lovers, but the most important one, what caused his ultimate death, was Cleopatra. Caesar also had more than one child, one of them being his adopted grandnephew, Octavian, and his step-son Brutus, who helped murder Caesar. Caesar had many allies, but at the same time, he had a lot of people who did not like him. Caesar built enemies, which lead to him being stabbed to death in front of the statue of Pompey. Caesars death turned Rome upside down, until his son Octavian took over, who would be the first real general.

Julius Caesar was argumentatively one of history’s greatest gifted politicians and general. Caesar conquered Gaul, allowing him to lay the foundations of Roman rule in Egypt. Caesar had many allies, but at the same time, he had a lot of people who did not like him, he built many enemies. Caesar had more than one child, the first being his adopted grandnephew, Octavian, and the second, his step-son Brutus, who just so happened to help the 60 men of the senate murder Caesar. He accomplished many things in his life, which ended in a tragic conflict, throwing Rome into an even bigger conflict, the thirteen year Civil War.

Caesar has an extremely powerful past. He rose fast and very fiercely. He gave the people what they wanted and became very popular. His military background attracted many people. He made changes that the people thought were great. One of his major changes, was that he changed the senate from 600 people to 900 people. By doing that, the people thought they had more power, they thought they were actually making a difference, but they did not realize that it did the exact opposite. Not only did it make everyone’s votes wash out, Caesar was going to do what he wanted anyway. Members of the senate ranged from farmers, to wealthy men, to military men. This just made more people loyal to Caesar. He was helping out the poor, taking care of the military, and making political moves on taxes, pleasing every walk of life. Life before Caesar was nothing short of unlivable for the poor, but Caesar brought life and purpose to them. He also introduced the Julian calendar, bettering life for all, thus making him more popular. Caesar had almost everyone on his side, becoming more and more popular, giving him a bigger and bigger ego.

Caesar had a few loves, one of them being Cleopatra. Although he had great times with Cleopatra, she would be a big part in his death. He had a step-son, Brutus, and adopted his grandnephew, Octavian as his son. Both of them were on the senate, but one of his sons looked up to him, and the other, Brutus, helped bring Caesar to his death.

While Caesar was gaining many followers, he started gaining enemies, offending more and more people the bigger his ego got. Some of his supporters started to turn on him, specifically the senate. 60 members got together on March 15, 44 B.C., including Brutus his son, and stabbed Caesar to death in front of the Pompey statue. They obviously did not need great weaponry, just the knives they used to stab him to death. What they did need was a strategy to get him there, which was not hard, because that is where the senate met to discuss topics anyway. General population was scared that once Caesar’s death occurred, that they would not still have help with the tax breaks, and the poor would no longer be taken care of. This concluded the rise and fall of the first Roman Emperor, but opened up bigger and better things.

The senate was happy, but they did not know that Caesar’s son Octavian, would go after the men who killed Caesar. Octavian went into battle with Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium. The odds were not in Octavian’s favor, but he came out victorious. Although Octavian did not kill Mark and Cleopatra, he did lead them to their suicides. This was more than enough to be victorious, but Octavian wanted more. He wanted to govern the land, something he ended up doing very well.

Octavian was successful, even more successful than his great uncle Caesar. He got Rome through the 13 years of the Civil war that followed Caesars assassination. He led differently from Caesar, and had different views and had many different strategies and outcomes. He made drastic changes that aided in his victorious term as a leader. Octavian was ill, but never let that get in his way. He changed standards that Caesar set in place. A successful change he made was making the senate hereditary, so that it’s members behaved, keeping them in line because they did not want to mess up the chance for their sons to be in the senate, because if they did mess up bad enough, they were kicked out of the senate with no hopes of their sons getting in. A major plus was that Octavian was the leader of his own army, making him the real Commander in Chief, with dedicated and completely loyal soldiers. Actually, Octavian had a strong, loyal following, which led to his success lasting for so long.

Julius Caesar had a great career. He was successful, but let power and his ego get the best of him, leading to his assassination. His assassination was unfortunate, but opened the opportunity for his grandnephew, Octavian, to take over, proving his greatness with his troops and how long he stayed in power. He ended the civil war, and carried out his term level headed, with loyalty.

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